AOR
Archives of Ophthalmological Research

The Archives of Ophthalmological Research aims to publish issues related to publish articles of the highest scientific and clinical value at an international level, and accepts articles on these topics. The target audience of the journal included specialists and physicians working in ophthalmology, and other health professionals interested in these fields.

eISSN: 3023-6479
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Online Manuscript System

Index
Original Article
The effect of routine ophthalmological examination in babies with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the effect of routine ophthalmological examination in babies with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).
Methods: One hundred patients aged 1-12 months who presented to our clinic for routine ophthalmological examinations at the request of the Turkish Ministry of Health in 2022-2024 and who were diagnosed with CNLDO were enrolled in the study. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, mode of delivery, gender, laterality, and type of nutrition were determined.
Results: One hundred patients with a mean age of three months were enrolled. Sixty-five percent were aged two months or less, and 35% were older than two months. Fifty percent were female, and 50% were male. Normal delivery was present in 55% of the cases and cesarean delivery in 45%. Seventy percent of the patients were breastfed, while 30% received ready-made formula. Ninety percent of the patients were born full term, 85% had no other diseases, and 85% of patients had unilateral CNLDO, and 15% bilateral.
Conclusion: The Turkish Ministry of Health recommends routine ophthalmological examination for every baby at 0-3 months of age in order to diagnose diseases such as congenital cataract, strabismus and retinoblastoma that may result in early blindness. Babies who present within the scope of the screening program are diagnosed early in case of CNLDO. Babies diagnosed early have a higher chance of recovery without surgery.

Keywords : Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, early diagnosis, ministry of health

Download Article


1. Sathiamoorthi S, Frank RD, Mohney BG. Incidence and clinical characteristics of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103(4):527-529. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312074
2. Aldahash FD, Al-Mubarak MF, Alenizi SH, Al-Faky YH. Risk factors for developing congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2014;28(1):58-60. doi:10.1016/j.sjopt.2013.09.007
3. Cassady JV. Developmental anatomy of nasolacrimal duct. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1952;47(2):141-158. doi:10.1001/archopht.1952.0170003014 6003
4. Bekmez S, Eriş E, Altan EV, Dursun V. The role of bacterial etiology in the tear duct infections secondary to congenital nasolacrimal duct obstructions. J Craniofac Surg. 2019;30(7):2214-2216. doi:10.1097/SCS. 0000000000005798
5. Eshraghi B, Akbari MR, Fard MA, Shahsanaei A, Assari R, Mirmohammadsadeghi A. The prevalence of amblyogenic factors in children with persistent congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014;252(11):1847-1852. doi:10.1007/s00417-014-2643-1
6. Vagge A, Ferro Desideri L, Nucci P, et al. Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO): a review. Diseases. 2018;6(4):96. doi:10.3390/diseases6040096
7. Swierczynska M, Tobiczyk E, Rodak P, Barchanowska D, Filipek E. Success rates of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction at various ages. BMC Ophthalmol. 2020;20(1):403. doi:10.1186/s12886-020-01658-9
8. Gardiner JA, Forte V, Pashby RC, Levin AV. The role of nasal endoscopy in repeat pediatric nasolacrimal duct probings. J AAPOS. 2001;5(3):148-152. doi:10.1067/mpa.2001.114188
9. Gupta N, Singla P, Kumar S, et al. Role of dacryoendoscopy in refractory cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Orbit. 2020;39(3):183-189. doi:10.1080/01676830.2019.1668434
10. Ovalı PDF. Yenidoğan taramaları. Klinik Tıp Pediat Derg. 2019;11(4): 193-199.
11. Gökçay E. G, Boran P, Çiprut A. A, Bağlam T. Çocukluk dönemi işitme taramalarında ülkemizde ve dünyada güncel durum. Çocuk Sağ Hast Derg. 2014;57(4):265-273.
12. Eventov-Friedman S, Leiba H, Flidel-Rimon O, Juster-Reicher A, Shinwell ES. The red reflex examination in neonates: an efficient tool for early diagnosis of congenital ocular diseases. Isr Med Assoc J. 2010; 12(5):259-261.
13. Maheshwari R. Results of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 13 months of age. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2005;53(1):49-51. doi:10.4103/0301-4738.15285
14. Takahashi Y, Kakizaki H, Chan WO, Selva D. Management of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010;88(5): 506-513. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01592.x
15. Lorena SH, Silva JA, Scarpi MJ. Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in premature children. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2013;50(4):239-244. doi:10.3928/01913913-20130423-01
16. Sathiamoorthi S, Frank RD, Mohney BG. Incidence and clinical characteristics of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103(4):527-529. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312074
17. Olitsky SE. Update on congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2014;54(3):1-7. doi:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000030
18. Gupta N, Chawla N, Ganesh S, et al. Prevalence of buried probe in complex congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and evaluation of its success rate post ‘probing and irrigation’: a single-centre retrospective study. Orbit. 2018;37(6):397-400. doi:10.1080/01676830.2018.1435695
19. Ali MJ, Kamal S, Gupta A, Ali MH, Naik MN. Simple vs complex congenital nasolacrimal duct obstructions: etiology, management and outcomes. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5(2):174-177. doi:10.1002/alr. 21435
20. Natarajan K, Kasturi N, Sistla S. Assessment of perinatal clinical characteristics, perinatal risk factors, and microbial profile in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a tertiary care center: a descriptive study. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2022;36(4):366-373. doi:10. 3341/kjo.2022.0013
21. Takahashi Y, Kakizaki H, Chan WO, Selva D. Management of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010;88(5): 506-513. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01592.x
Article available in :
Volume 2, Issue 2, 2025
Page : 21-24
https://doi.org/10.51271/AOR-0028
Article Information
Received : 10 Kas 2024
Accepted : 17 Ara 2024
Published : 17 Nis 2025
Corresponding Author :

Mübeccel Bulut: Department of Ophthalmology, Necip Fazıl City Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Bulut M, Reyhan AH. Effect of newborn screening programs on congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Arch Ophthalmol Res. 2025;2(2):21-24.

Read: 241
Download : 352
Cited: 0
_Footer